Permanent Supportive Housing: Building On What Works To End Chronic Homelessness
Published On January 7, 2025
U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) homelessness counts for 2024 show continued increases across much of the country. In California, an estimated 187,084 people slept in shelters, vehicles, or outside on a given night in 2024—an increase of 5,685 people from 2023. The data highlight the urgency of expanding the supply of affordable housing and addressing the root causes of homelessness.
The counts also point to areas of progress. Although overall homelessness has continued to increase, the estimated number of people experiencing chronic homelessness slightly decreased for the first time in several years. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) can be a key part of the solution for helping individuals exit homelessness. Evidence from years of research shows that PSH provides cost-effective housing and supportive services to help people experiencing chronic homelessness remain stably housed.
This Terner Center research explainer presents data on homelessness in California, as well as how the state has made significant investments in PSH. It highlights research-backed strategies that California and other states can pursue to overcome key obstacles and make real progress on addressing chronic homelessness—helping individuals, families, and communities thrive.
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